The potency of erythrocytes investigation in revealing anti-A and anti-B antibodies absorbing and agglutinating epitopes

Authors

Mykola Korzh, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Pavlo Grigorievich Kravchun, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2 Clinical Immunology and Allergology, named after academician L.T. Malaya, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Frida Solomonivna Leontieva, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Danyshchuk Zinayda, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Nataliya Ashukina, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Dielievska Valentyna Yuriivna, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2 Clinical Immunology and Allergology, named after academician L.T. Malaya, Kharkiv, UkraineFollow

Abstract

Different methods of erythrocyte antigens detection exist in hematology. However, weak variants of blood group antigens are still difficult to reveal. The study aimed to determine erythrocytes' diameter after the specific incubation of O, A, B, and O-washed erythrocytes with anti-A, anti-B antibody absorbing ability with IgM and IgG complement-dependent antibodies. Thus, the contact of anti-A serum with A erythrocytes at 20 °C resulted in an increase of their diameter (from 6.19±0.55 μm to 6.28±1.48μm, from 5.41±0.71 μm to 6.02±1.2 μm) with a less increase of erythrocytes diameter in a less titer (1:2) of the serum. A similar increase in erythrocyte diameter was observed in A.B. erythrocytes after contact with anti-A, B serum for one-day incubation. At the same time, the contact of anti-B serum with A erythrocytes did not increase erythrocyte diameter. At 37°C the contact of anti-A serum and A erythrocytes for 1-day incubation resulted in a less increase of erythrocytes diameter (5.27±1.5 μm) as compared to the one observed at 20°C. IgG antibodies increased the diameter of erythrocytes more significantly than IgM antibodies. Incubation of IgG antibodies with complement at 4°C leads to the hemolysis of erythrocytes of the appropriate specificity. The hemolyzing activity of the complement was decreased in the alkaline medium at 37°C and appeared to be highest in the acid medium at 4°C. Fenbendazole decreased erythrocytes' anti-A antibody absorbing ability, whereas itraconazole interfered with anti-B antibody absorbing ability. The presence of the serum from the person with additional absorbing antigens led to less hemolyzing activity of the complement and increased the number of erythrocytes in the case of the specific antigen-antibody binding. Therefore, evaluating the erythrocytes' diameter after contact with IgG complement-dependent antibodies at 20°C may be applied to determine the type of blood group antigens.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.59049/2790-0231.1251

Recommended Citation

Korzh, Mykola; Kravchun, Pavlo Grigorievich; Leontieva, Frida Solomonivna; Zinayda, Danyshchuk; Ashukina, Nataliya; and Yuriivna, Dielievska Valentyna (2023) "The potency of erythrocytes investigation in revealing anti-A and anti-B antibodies absorbing and agglutinating epitopes," Palestinian Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal: Vol. 8 : Iss. 3 , Article 9.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.59049/2790-0231.1251